http://hdl.handle.net/10400.7/128 2020-03-07T13:39:07Z 2020-03-07T13:39:07Z Baudouin-Gonzalez, Luís Santos, Marília A. Tempesta, Camille Sucena, Élio Roch, Fernando Tanaka, Kohtaro http://hdl.handle.net/10400.7/803 2018-10-01T00:30:08Z 2017-09-01T00:00:00Z

Título: Diverse Cis-Regulatory Mechanisms Contribute to Expression Evolution of Tandem Gene Duplicates Autor: Baudouin-Gonzalez, Luís; Santos, Marília A.; Tempesta, Camille; Sucena, Élio; Roch, Fernando; Tanaka, Kohtaro Resumo: Pairs of duplicated genes generally display a combination of conserved expression patterns inherited from their unduplicated ancestor and newly acquired domains. However, how the cis-regulatory architecture of duplicated loci evolves to produce these expression patterns is poorly understood. We have directly examined the gene-regulatory evolution of two tandem duplicates, the Drosophila Ly6 genes CG9336 and CG9338, which arose at the base of the drosophilids between 40 and 60 million years ago. Comparing the expression patterns of the two paralogs in four Drosophila species with that of the unduplicated ortholog in the tephritid Ceratitis capitata, we show that they diverged from each other as well as from the unduplicated ortholog. Moreover, the expression divergence appears to have occurred close to the duplication event and also more recently in a lineage-specific manner. The comparison of the tissue-specific cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) controlling the paralog expression in the four Drosophila species indicates that diverse cis-regulatory mechanisms, including the novel tissue-specific enhancers, differential inactivation, and enhancer sharing, contributed to the expression evolution. Our analysis also reveals a surprisingly variable cis-regulatory architecture, in which the CRMs driving conserved expression domains change in number, location, and specificity. Altogether, this study provides a detailed historical account that uncovers a highly dynamic picture of how the paralog expression patterns and their underlying cis-regulatory landscape evolve. We argue that our findings will encourage studying cis-regulatory evolution at the whole-locus level in order to understand how interactions between enhancers and other regulatory levels shape the evolution of gene expression. Descrição: The deposited article is a post-print version and has peer review. The deposited article version contains attached the supplementary materials within the pdf.

2017-09-01T00:00:00Z Arif, Saad Murat, Sophie Almudi, Isabel Nunes, Maria D.S. Bortolamiol-Becet, Diane McGregor, Naomi S. Currie, James M.S. Hughes, Harri Ronshaugen, Matthew Sucena, Élio Lai, Eric C. Schlötterer, Christian McGregor, Alistair P. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.7/802 2017-11-08T03:00:14Z 2013-03-18T00:00:00Z

Título: Evolution of mir-92a Underlies Natural Morphological Variation in Drosophila melanogaster Autor: Arif, Saad; Murat, Sophie; Almudi, Isabel; Nunes, Maria D.S.; Bortolamiol-Becet, Diane; McGregor, Naomi S.; Currie, James M.S.; Hughes, Harri; Ronshaugen, Matthew; Sucena, Élio; Lai, Eric C.; Schlötterer, Christian; McGregor, Alistair P. Resumo: Identifying the genetic mechanisms underlying phenotypic change is essential to understanding how gene regulatory networks and ultimately the genotype-to-phenotype map evolve. It is recognized that microRNAs (miRNAs) have the potential to facilitate evolutionary change [1-3]; however, there are no known examples of natural morphological variation caused by evolutionary changes in miRNA expression. Therefore, the contribution of miRNAs to evolutionary change remains unknown [1, 4]. Drosophila melanogaster subgroup species display a portion of trichome-free cuticle on the femur of the second leg called the "naked valley." It was previously shown that Ultrabithorax (Ubx) is involved in naked valley variation between D. melanogaster and D. simulans [5, 6]. However, naked valley size also varies among populations of D. melanogaster, ranging from 1,000 up to 30,000 μm(2). We investigated the genetic basis of intraspecific differences in the naked valley in D. melanogaster and found that neither Ubx nor shavenbaby (svb) [7, 8] contributes to this morphological difference. Instead, we show that changes in mir-92a expression underlie the evolution of naked valley size in D. melanogaster through repression of shavenoid (sha) [9]. Therefore, our results reveal a novel mechanism for morphological evolution and suggest that modulation of the expression of miRNAs potentially plays a prominent role in generating organismal diversity. Descrição: The deposited article is a post-print version and has peer review. This deposit is composed by the main article, and it hasn't any supplementary materials associated. The supplementary materials are present in the publisher's page in the following link: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/MiamiMultiMediaURL/1-s2.0-S0960982213001899/1-s2.0-S0960982213001899-mmc1.pdf/272099/html/S0960982213001899/187ecb1b8f94027ceebb87907c58eb3f/mmc1.pdf

2013-03-18T00:00:00Z Martins, N. E. Faria, V. G. Nolte, V. Schlotterer, C. Teixeira, L. Sucena, E. Magalhaes, S. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.7/801 2017-11-07T03:00:32Z 2014-04-22T00:00:00Z

Título: Host adaptation to viruses relies on few genes with different cross-resistance properties Autor: Martins, N. E.; Faria, V. G.; Nolte, V.; Schlotterer, C.; Teixeira, L.; Sucena, E.; Magalhaes, S. Resumo: Host adaptation to one parasite may affect its response to others. However, the genetics of these direct and correlated responses remains poorly studied. The overlap between these responses is instrumental for the understanding of host evolution in multiparasite environments. We determined the genetic and phenotypic changes underlying adaptation of Drosophila melanogaster to Drosophila C virus (DCV). Within 20 generations, flies selected with DCV showed increased survival after DCV infection, but also after cricket paralysis virus (CrPV) and flock house virus (FHV) infection. Whole-genome sequencing identified two regions of significant differentiation among treatments, from which candidate genes were functionally tested with RNAi. Three genes were validated--pastrel, a known DCV-response gene, and two other loci, Ubc-E2H and CG8492. Knockdown of Ubc-E2H and pastrel also led to increased sensitivity to CrPV, whereas knockdown of CG8492 increased susceptibility to FHV infection. Therefore, Drosophila adaptation to DCV relies on few major genes, each with different cross-resistance properties, conferring host resistance to several parasites. Descrição: The deposited article is a post-print version and has peer review. This deposit is composed by the main article, and it hasn't any supplementary materials associated. The supplementary materials of the publication are only present in the editor's page of this article. This publication hasn't any creative commons license associated.

2014-04-22T00:00:00Z Santos-Matos, Gonçalo Wybouw, Nicky Martins, Nelson E. Zélé, Flore Riga, Maria Leitão, Alexandre B. Vontas, John Grbić, Miodrag Van Leeuwen, Thomas Magalhães, Sara Sucena, Élio http://hdl.handle.net/10400.7/800 2017-11-07T03:00:20Z 2017-06-07T00:00:00Z

Título: Tetranychus urticae mites do not mount an induced immune response against bacteria Autor: Santos-Matos, Gonçalo; Wybouw, Nicky; Martins, Nelson E.; Zélé, Flore; Riga, Maria; Leitão, Alexandre B.; Vontas, John; Grbić, Miodrag; Van Leeuwen, Thomas; Magalhães, Sara; Sucena, Élio Resumo: The genome of the spider mite Tetranychus urticae, a herbivore, is missing important elements of the canonical Drosophila immune pathways necessary to fight bacterial infections. However, it is not known whether spider mites can mount an immune response and survive bacterial infection. In other chelicerates, bacterial infection elicits a response mediated by immune effectors leading to the survival of infected organisms. In T. urticae, infection by either Escherichia coli or Bacillus megaterium did not elicit a response as assessed through genome-wide transcriptomic analysis. In line with this, spider mites died within days even upon injection with low doses of bacteria that are non-pathogenic to Drosophila Moreover, bacterial populations grew exponentially inside the infected spider mites. By contrast, Sancassania berlesei, a litter-dwelling mite, controlled bacterial proliferation and resisted infections with both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria lethal to T. urticae This differential mortality between mite species was absent when mites were infected with heat-killed bacteria. Also, we found that spider mites harbour in their gut 1000-fold less bacteria than S. berlesei We show that T. urticae has lost the capacity to mount an induced immune response against bacteria, in contrast to other mites and chelicerates but similarly to the phloem feeding aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum Hence, our results reinforce the putative evolutionary link between ecological conditions regarding exposure to bacteria and the architecture of the immune response. Descrição: The deposited article is a post-print version and has peer review. The deposited article version contains attached the supplementary materials within the pdf. Electronic supplementary material is available online at: https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3782231. or http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/284/1856/20170401.figures-only

2017-06-07T00:00:00Z Sucena, Élio Vanderberghe, Koen Zhurov, Vladimir Grbić, Miodrag http://hdl.handle.net/10400.7/799 2017-11-07T03:00:17Z 2014-06-30T00:00:00Z

Título: Reversion of developmental mode in insects: evolution from long germband to short germband in the polyembrionic wasp Macrocentrus cingulum Brischke Autor: Sucena, Élio; Vanderberghe, Koen; Zhurov, Vladimir; Grbić, Miodrag Resumo: Germband size in insects has played a central role in our understanding of insect patterning mechanisms and their evolution. The polarity of evolutionary change in insect patterning has been viewed so far as the unidirectional shift from the ancestral short germband patterning of basal hemimetabolous insects to the long germband patterning observed in most modern Holometabola. However, some orders of holometabolic insects display both short and long germband development, though the absence of a clear phylogenetic context does not permit definite conclusions on the polarity of change. Derived hymenoptera, that is, bees and wasps, represent a classical textbook example of long germband development. Yet, in some wasps putative short germband development has been described correlating with lifestyle changes, namely with evolution of endoparasitism and polyembryony. To address the potential reversion from long to short germband, we focused on the family Braconidae, which displays ancestral long germband development, and examined the derived polyembryonic braconid Macrocentrus cingulum. Using SEM analysis of M. cingulum embryogenesis coupled with analyses of embryonic patterning markers, we show that this wasp evolved short germband embryogenesis secondarily, in a way that is reminiscent of embryogenesis in the beetle Tribolium castaneum. This work shows that the evolution of germband size in insects is a reversible process that may correlate with other life-history traits and suggests broader implications on the mechanisms and evolvability of insect development. Descrição: The deposited article is a post-print version and has peer review. This publication hasn't any creative commons license associated. There is no public supplementary material available for this publication.

2014-06-30T00:00:00Z