dc.contributor.author	Teotonio, Henrique
dc.contributor.author	Carvalho, Sara
dc.contributor.author	Manoel, Diogo
dc.contributor.author	Roque, Miguel
dc.contributor.author	Chelo, Ivo M.
dc.date.accessioned	2016-06-09T14:45:58Z
dc.date.available	2016-06-09T14:45:58Z
dc.date.issued	2012-04-23
dc.description.abstract	Caenorhabditis elegans can reproduce exclusively by self-fertilization. Yet, males can be maintained in laboratory populations, a phenomenon that continues to puzzle biologists. In this study we evaluated the role of males in facilitating adaptation to novel environments. For this, we contrasted the evolution of a fitness component exclusive to outcrossing in experimental populations of different mating systems. We introgressed a modifier of outcrossing into a hybrid population derived from several wild isolates to transform the wild-type androdioecious mating system into a dioecious mating system. By genotyping 375 single-nucleotide polymorphisms we show that the two populations had similar standing genetic diversity available for adaptation, despite the occurrence of selection during their derivation. We then performed replicated experimental evolution under the two mating systems from starting conditions of either high or low levels of diversity, under defined environmental conditions of discrete non-overlapping generations, constant density at high population sizes (N = 10(4)), no obvious spatial structure and abundant food resources. During 100 generations measurements of sex ratios and male competitive performance showed: 1) adaptation to the novel environment; 2) directional selection on male frequency under androdioecy; 3) optimal outcrossing rates of 0.5 under androdioecy; 4) the existence of initial inbreeding depression; and finally 5) that the strength of directional selection on male competitive performance does not depend on male frequencies. Taken together, these results suggest that androdioecious males are maintained at intermediate frequencies because outcrossing is adaptive.	pt_PT
dc.description.sponsorship	Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia: (PPCDT/BIA-BDE/61127/2004).	pt_PT
dc.identifier.citation	Teotonio H, Carvalho S, Manoel D, Roque M, Chelo IM (2012) Evolution of Outcrossing in Experimental Populations of Caenorhabditis elegans . PLoS ONE 7(4): e35811. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0035811	pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi	10.1371/journal.pone.0035811	pt_PT
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10400.7/636
dc.language.iso	eng	pt_PT
dc.peerreviewed	yes	pt_PT
dc.publisher	PLOS	pt_PT
dc.relation	A study on the interaction among natural selection, mutation and recombination, with Caenorhabditis elegans experimental evolution
dc.relation.publisherversion	http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0035811	pt_PT
dc.rights.uri	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	pt_PT
dc.subject	Animals	pt_PT
dc.subject	Caenorhabditis elegans	pt_PT
dc.subject	Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins	pt_PT
dc.subject	Gene Frequency	pt_PT
dc.subject	Genetic Variation	pt_PT
dc.subject	Genotype	pt_PT
dc.subject	Haplotypes	pt_PT
dc.subject	Inbreeding	pt_PT
dc.subject	Linkage Disequilibrium	pt_PT
dc.subject	Male	pt_PT
dc.subject	Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide	pt_PT
dc.subject	Sex Ratio	pt_PT
dc.subject	Biological Evolution	pt_PT
dc.title	Evolution of Outcrossing in Experimental Populations of Caenorhabditis elegans	pt_PT
dc.type	journal article
dspace.entity.type	Publication
oaire.awardTitle	A study on the interaction among natural selection, mutation and recombination, with Caenorhabditis elegans experimental evolution
oaire.awardURI	info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/243285/EU
oaire.citation.endPage	13	pt_PT
oaire.citation.issue	4	pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage	1	pt_PT
oaire.citation.title	PLoS ONE	pt_PT
oaire.citation.volume	7	pt_PT
oaire.fundingStream	FP7
project.funder.identifier	http://doi.org/10.13039/501100008530
project.funder.name	European Commission
rcaap.rights	openAccess	pt_PT
rcaap.type	article	pt_PT
relation.isProjectOfPublication	f192fb79-7c0d-434b-b3b3-0b3399301ee3
relation.isProjectOfPublication.latestForDiscovery	f192fb79-7c0d-434b-b3b3-0b3399301ee3

Evolution of Outcrossing in Experimental Populations of Caenorhabditis elegans

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